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The natural balance for your metabolism.

  • Innovative solution for managing energy metabolism imbalances
  • Modulation of the gut microbiota
  • Clinically Tested
  • Patent pending

Limenorm®, an innovative formulation based on sweet orange essential oil and cocoa fiber, is an innovative ingredient for improving energy metabolism and modulating the gut microbiota.

Limenorm® is an innovative and completely natural ingredient for dietary supplements with eubiotic activity, created with a patent pending formulation based on sweet orange essential oil (Citrus aurantium var. dulcis), adsorbed onto cocoa fiber (Theobroma cacao). Based on preclinical scientific studies, Limenorm® has been shown to reduce hunger, positively modulate the gut microbiota, and improve fasting blood glucose levels. A clinical trial is currently underway with patients suffering from Metabolic Syndrome, conducted at the Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the University of Bologna, in Italy.

Limenorm® is indicated for the formulation of supplements and foods to support alterations in energy metabolism. You can find it in Liporange Complex, learn more.

In the innovative formulation of Limenorm®, the sweet orange oil adsorbed onto cocoa fiber powder is able to pass intact through the stomach and the first part of the intestine. The bioavailability of D-Limonene, the main component of sweet orange essential oil, in this formulation is reduced to zero, as confirmed by our pharmacokinetic studies. The digestion of cocoa fiber by the gut microbiota exerts a prebiotic effect and allows the release of the essential oil directly into the colon, where it can exert its antimicrobial effect, improving the composition of the gut microbiota and promoting the improvement of alterations in energy metabolism.

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Limenorm® is an innovative raw material for completely plant-based dietary supplements. It can be used alone or in combination with other ingredients to formulate supplements that support energy metabolism and digestive functions.

In the majority of individuals, obesity is the result of modern lifestyle, which exposes each of us to an environment defined as ‘obesogenic,’ leading us to eat more, modify the quality of food, and engage in less physical activity. The intestinal microbiota also appears to play a significant role in the pathophysiology of obesity. Numerous studies show a link between intestinal dysbiosis and metabolic syndrome, due to the microbiota’s ability to modulate the host’s energy metabolism through the production of short-chain fatty acids from the fermentation and hydrolysis of polysaccharides (mainly fiber). These fatty acids can influence intestinal transit and the host’s sensation of satiety. The Western diet, characterized by high consumption of refined flours, red meat, saturated fats, sugars, processed foods, and insufficient fiber intake, significantly contributes to intestinal dysbiosis and a low-grade systemic inflammation, which are considered key elements in the development and maintenance of metabolic syndrome.

Orange Essential Oil contributes to maintaining digestive function and eliminating intestinal gas. Some components of essential oils have a eubiotic action, which means selective antimicrobial, with beneficial effects on the balance of the intestinal microbiota. Cocoa supports metabolic activity and normal mood tone and contains flavanols, polyphenols with antioxidant properties.

The innovative formulation of Limenorm® is based on the use of a patent pending preparation of sweet orange essential oil adsorbed onto cocoa fiber. According to pharmacokinetic studies, this particular formulation allows it to pass through the first part of the intestine intact and reach the colon where, following the degradation of the fiber by the intestinal microbiota, the oil is released in high percentage and promotes the natural rebalancing of the microbial community.

Preliminary studies conducted on an experimental murine model and in humans have demonstrated that the components of Limenorm® are safe.
Cocoa powder is widely used in the food industry and has never shown toxicity at the recommended dosages in the supplement. Sweet Orange Essential Oil is classified as GRAS by the FDA and is included in the list of botanicals permitted in dietary supplements (Annex 1, Ministerial Decree 10/08/2018, Italian Ministry of Health).
As specific studies are not available, it is advisable to avoid the consumption of Limenorm®-based products during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and in pediatric age as a precaution. Its use is also not recommended in cases of renal or hepatic insufficiency, as the metabolism of essential oils and their derivatives primarily involves the liver and kidneys.

There is a comprehensive European regulatory framework that covers the safe use of the product’s ingredients:
The Essential Oil of Citrus aurantium var. dulcis Hayne and the powder of Theobroma cacao L. seed are certified for food use.
According to DM 27/03/2014 of the Ministry of Health, the use of Citrus aurantium var. dulcis Hayne essential oil is approved in food supplements for digestive function and elimination of intestinal gas.
According to DM 27/03/2014 of the Ministry of Health, the use of Theobroma cacao L. seed is approved in antioxidant food supplements for metabolic support and maintenance of normal mood.
According to Regulation (EC) 1924/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods, Limenorm® can be defined as a “source of fiber.”
According to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2006 concerning the registration, evaluation, authorization, and restriction of chemicals (REACH), which establishes a European Chemicals Agency, Limenorm® is composed 100% of a mixture of ingredients that meets the definition of “substances occurring in nature.

Limenorm® has been developed by TGD s.r.l., a spin-off of the University of Bologna, which has tested the formulation in preclinical studies (Valerii et al., 2021) and on human microbiota and microbiome (Nissen et al., 2021).
Preclinical scientific studies were conducted on an animal model of obesity induced by a high-fat diet and demonstrated the effectiveness of Limenorm® in positively modulating the gut microbiota, reducing the presence of specific bacterial strains that negatively impact blood triglyceride and glucose levels. The results on human microbiota and microbiome also revealed that the action of Limenorm® is capable of rebalancing microbial metabolism.
A randomized, double-blind clinical trial on patients with Metabolic Syndrome is currently underway at the S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna.

Limenorm® is GMO-free. It does not contain, derive from, or consist of Genetically Modified Organisms. Limenorm® is compliant with Regulations EC No. 1829/2003 and No. 1830/2003.
In particular:

Regulation (EC) No. 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council, dated 22 September 2003, on genetically modified food and feed;
Regulation (EC) No. 1830/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council, dated 22 September 2003, concerning the traceability and labeling of genetically modified organisms and the traceability of food and feed products produced from genetically modified organisms.

The raw materials of Limenorm® are sourced from Africa/South America (Cocoa) and Europe (Orange Essential Oil), their native environments, while their processing takes place in Italy.
The quality of the raw materials is checked twice: upon arrival in Italy, the analysis certifications are reviewed again by distributors and producers to verify the active ingredient content and the presence of pesticides, mycotoxins, allergens, and microbial load.

The cocoa seeds are dried and processed into powder in Italy.
The Sweet Orange Essential Oil is added to the mixture and absorbed into the powder in Italy.
This is how Limenorm® powder is obtained.

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